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 Pre-Operational
Thinking about What is Possible
During this period of maturation the student no longer thinks only about what exists, but what is possible.  
Flexible thinking is possible because of a high degree of equilibrium.
"it is generalized behavior toward problem solving, which organizes data, controls variables, makes guesses, thinks, justifies and proves." (Schmitt, 1976 p.71)
Period of Expression
The student in the formal-operational stage finds pleasure in creating new combinations in music.  They are able to fulfill a need for communication through language and through music.  Although a setting of formal teaching structure should be available, the teacher should still give the students freedom to experiment during this stage. (Schmitt, 1976)

Classroom Activity